Russia

Article 3, clause 4 states:

A citizen of the Russian Federation pronounced legally incapable by a court or kept in detention places under a court sentence shall have no right to elect or be elected the President of the Russian Federation.

Article 16, clause 2 states:

Ineligible for appointment as non-voting members of election commissions shall be citizens of the Russian Federation who have not attained to the age of 18 years; citizens of the Russian Federation who have been pronounced incapable by a legally effective court decision…

Article 38, clause 11 states:

The following signatures shall be deemed invalid: …

• (8)… if the list is certified by a signature collector who is under 18 years old as of the moment of signature collection, and (or) such person is recognized legally incapable…

Article 44, clause 7 states:

In this Federal Law "circumstances compelling a registered candidate to give up further participation in the election (withdraw his candidature)" means partial legal incapability of the registered candidate as pronounced by a court, a serious illness or persistent health problems of the registered candidate or his close relatives. In this Federal Law "circumstances compelling a political party to recall the registered candidate which it nominated" means full or partial legal incapability of the registered candidate as pronounced by a court, a serious illness or persistent health problems of the registered candidate or his close relatives, death of the registered candidate.

Article 52, clause 8 states:

If, owing to compelling circumstances (illness, performance of official duties), a registered candidate cannot take part in a joint campaigning event on the channel of the national state TV and radio broadcasting organization, his attorney may participate in the joint campaigning event instead of him.

Excerpts from the Federal Law on the Election of the President of the Russian Federation (2011)

Article 5, clause 4 states:

A citizen of the Russian Federation shall not be entitled to the right to elect or be elected and to participate in other electoral actions if he has been declared by a court to be incapable or is held in custody under a court sentence.

Article 22, clause 2 states:

Ineligible for appointment as non-voting members of election commissions shall be citizens of the Russian Federation who have not attained to the age of 18 years; citizens of the Russian Federation who have been pronounced incapable by a legally effective court decision…

Article 43, clause 12 states:

The following signatures shall be deemed invalid: …8)… if the list is certified by a signature collector who is under 18 years old as of the moment of signature collection, and (or) such person is recognized legally incapable…

Article 49, clause 7 states:

Circumstances compelling a candidate to waive further participation in the election of deputies of the State Duma mean occupation by a candidate of the office specified by the Constitution of the Russian Federation; a court decision pronouncing a candidate’s incapacity or legal incapacity; a serious illness or persistent health problems of a candidate or his next of kin. The circumstances compelling the political party to recall a federal list of candidates mean withdrawal of candidates included in the all-federal part of a federal list due to compelling circumstances, including their death, and (or) withdrawal of more than 25 percent of candidates from a federal list of candidates.

Excerpts from the Federal Law on the Election of Deputies of the States Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation (2011)

Article 32, paragraph 3 states:

Citizens recognised by court as legally unfit, , as well as citizens kept in places of confinement under a court sentence, shall be deprived of the right to elect and be elected.

Article 92 states:

…(2) The President of the Russian Federation shall cease to exercise his powers short of the term in the case of his resignation, consistent inability because of health reasons to exercise the powers vested in him or in case of impeachment. In this case the election of the President of the Russian Federation shall take place not later than three months from the termination of the powers short of the term.

(3) In all cases when the President of the Russian Federation is incapable of fulfilling his duties, they shall be temporarily fulfilled by the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation. The Acting President of the Russian Federation shall have no right to dissolve the State Duma, call a referendum, or to submit proposals on amendments to, and review of, the provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation.

Excerpts from the Constitution of the Russian Federation (1995, last amended 2008)

Article 4, clause 3 states:

Citizens declared incapable by a court or held in custody under a court sentence shall not be entitled to elect and be elected or to participate in a referendum.

Article 19, clause 5 states:

In places where voters, referendum participants temporarily stay (hospitals, sanatoriums...)…referendum precincts may be formed within the periods established by Clause 2 of this Article, and in exceptional cases and upon approval of the superior commission, not later than in 3 days before the voting day…

Article 29 states:

(1) The following persons shall not be appointed as the voting commission members: … b) citizens of the Russian Federation declared legally incapable or with limited capability by the decision of a court that came into force; …

(6) A voting member of a commission shall be relieved from the duties of a commission’s member by a decision of the same body that appointed him if: a) the commission member files a written resignation. Such application cannot be filed during the period starting in ten days before the voting day and ending on the day of establishment of voting results, results of elections, referenda, except cases when it is filed in connection to compelling circumstance: severe disease, severe impairment of health of commission member, his close relatives… Powers of a voting member of a commission shall be terminated immediately if: … c) a decision of court that declares a commission member legally incapable, with limited capability, missing or dead comes into force…

(21) Persons referred to in Paragraphs “a”, “b”- “f”, Clause 1 of this Article, citizens of the Russian Federation declared legally incapable by court decision that came into force, 50 members of the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, employees of commission administrations, attorneys of candidates, election associations, as well as persons performing command duties in military units, military organizations and institutions may not be appointed non-voting members of commissions…

Article 33, clause 5 states:

A candidate (except candidates nominated in the list of candidates) shall personally submit documents specified in Clauses 1, 2 and 3 of this Article. The documents specified in Clauses 1, 2 and 3 of this Article may be submitted, at the request of the candidate, by other persons, if the candidate is ill, held in detention as a suspect or defendant (in this case the candidate's signature in the statement shall be notarized or certified by administration of the hospital in which the candidate is being treated or the administration of the detention place where he is held as a suspect or defendant), in other cases specified by a federal law. 5. In case of nomination of a disabled person as candidate, including in the list of candidates, who is not able to write an application with consent to stand for election in corresponding electoral district, certify signatures’ list, fill in or certify other documents stipulated by the law, this person is entitled to use help of another person. Powers of a person providing assistance with filling in or certifying documents referred to in Clauses 2 or 3 of this Article shall be notarized.

Article 38, clause 6 states:

The following signatures are recognized as invalid: …

• (h) if such signature list was certified by a person collecting signatures of voters, referendum participants who did not attain to the age of 18 years and (or) such person was recognized by the court as incompetent…

Excerpts from Federal Law on Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens of the Russian Federation to Participate in a Referendum (2011)