Finland

Section 2 states:

…voting by proxy is not allowed.

Section 55 states:

Persons entitled to at-home voting shall in writing or by telephone notify the central election committee of their municipality of residence about their willingness to vote in advance at home at the latest before 16 p.m. on the 12th day prior to the polling day. The notice may be prepared on the voter’s behalf by a person appointed by the voter. The written notice, which shall be signed, may be made using the form designed for this purpose. The following shall be included in the notice: 1) the voter’s full name, personal identity code, address, municipality of residence, telephone number and, if the notice is prepared by the enfranchised person, his or her name and contact information; 2) that the voter’s ability to move and function is limited to the degree that he or she is unable to come to the polling or advance polling station without undue hardship, and that he or she wishes therefore to vote at home in advance; and 3) whether the voter him/herself is able to see to it that such a person as is referred to in section 54 is present for the at-home voting. The election official is, if this is possible, responsible for removing any inadequacy in the notice and ensuring that the notice has been prepared by the said voter or the voter-appointed person. The chairperson of the central election committee of the municipality must see to it that the voter is notified either in writing or by phone without delay of the time at which the election official will arrive at his or her home with an accuracy of at least two hours. At the same time, the phone number of the election authorities must be mentioned in case the voter wishes to contact the election authorities. If the election official is prevented from coming at the appointed time, the voter must immediately be notified of this and of the time of a new visit. If it has not been possible to remove the fault in the notification affecting the voting procedure, or if the notification to the central election committee of the municipality has been made after the time appointed, or if it is not possible to conduct the at-home voting at all due to a breakdown in transport services or another insuperable obstacle, the voter must be notified by means laid down in subsection 4 that the at-home voting will not be conducted.

Section 58 states:

…At the request of the voter, the election official or the electoral commission must help him or her in the [advance] voting. A person whose ability to make a mark in the ballot is essentially weakened may, during the voting, use the help of an assistant he or she has chosen…

Section 73 states:

…A voter who wishes to use a member of the election committee as an assistant in marking the ballot paper has a right to do so if this does not delay the voting process. A person whose ability to make a mark in the ballot is essentially weakened may use the help of an assistant he or she has chosen in marking the ballot…

Section 127 states:

…If measures must be taken in order to elect a president in the event of the current president, the winning presidential candidate or a presidential candidate having become permanently incapacitated or deceased, the Council of State through a decision published in the Statute Book of Finland, shall issue provisions concerning the Presidential election which is to be held on the next possible Sunday.

Section 143 states:

The Presidential election must be restarted as soon as possible, if:

• (1) a presidential candidate nominated according to the procedure laid down in law becomes permanently incapacitated or dies prior to the completion of the election procedure of the first round;
• (2) a candidate in the second round of the election becomes permanently incapacitated or dies before the completion of the second round election procedure; or
• (3) a candidate who has been elected president becomes permanently incapacitated or dies before entering office. The Council of State orders the new polling day as provided in section 127 (3)…

Section 190 states:

With regard to the transportation of disabled enfranchised persons to the polling and advance polling stations what has been laid down in respect to transportation services in the law governing the organisation of services and supporting functions for the disabled is in force.

Excerpts from the Election Act (1998, last amended 2004)

Section 27 states:

Everyone with the right to vote and who is not under guardianship can be a candidate in parliamentary elections.

Section 55 states:

…If the President dies or if the Government declares that the President is permanently unable to carry out the duties of the presidency, a new President shall be elected as soon as possible.

Section 59 states:

When the President of the Republic is prevented from carrying out of his or her duties, these are taken over by the Prime Minister or, if the Prime Minister too is incapacitated, by the Minister acting as Deputy Prime Minister.

Excerpts from the Constitution of the Republic of Finland (1999, last amended 2011)