Bermuda

Bermuda Constitution Order (1968, last amended 2010)

Updated: June 2015

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Section 55 states:

… a person shall be qualified to be registered as an elector for the purposes of elections in a constituency if and shall not be so qualified unless, on the qualifying date, he: (a) is a British subject who has attained the age of eighteen years…

 

Excerpt from the Bermuda Constitution Order (1968, last amended 2010)

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Section 5, subsection (1) states:

No person shall be deprived of his personal liberty save as may be authorized by law in any of the following cases:…

  • (g) for the purpose of preventing the spread of an infectious or contagious disease or in the case of a person who is, or is reasonably suspected to be, of unsound mind, addicted to drugs or alcohol, or a vagrant, for the purpose of his care or treatment or the protection of the community…

 

Section 18, subsection (2) states:

If the office of Deputy Governor is vacant or the person holding that office is acting in the office of Governor under section 19 of this Constitution or is for any other reason unable to perform the functions of the office of Deputy Governor, then the Governor, acting in his discretion, may appoint a person to act as Deputy Governor and any such person shall continue to act until his appointment is revoked by the Governor, acting in his discretion.

 

Section 19, subsection (1) states:

During any period when the office of Governor is vacant or the Governor is absent from Bermuda or is for any other reason unable to perform the functions of his office—

  • (a) the Deputy Governor; or
  • (b) if the office of Deputy Governor is vacant or the Deputy Governor is absent from Bermuda or is for any other reason unable to perform the functions of the office of Governor, such person as Her Majesty may designate in that behalf by instructions given through a Secretary of State (in this section referred to as “the person designated”), shall, during Her Majesty’s pleasure, act in the office of Governor and shall perform the functions of that office accordingly.

 

Section 30, subsection (1) states:

No person shall be qualified to be appointed as a Senator or elected as a member of the House of Assembly who…

  • (c) is a person certified to be insane or otherwise adjudged to be of unsound mind under any law in force in Bermuda.

 

Section 31, subsection (2) states:

If circumstances such as are referred to in subsection (1)(e) of this section arise because any member of either House is under sentence of death or imprisonment, declared bankrupt, adjudged to be of unsound mind or convicted of an offence relating to elections and it is open to the member to appeal against the decision (either with the leave of a court or other authority or without such leave), he shall forthwith cease to perform his functions as a member of that House but, subject to subsection (3) of this section, he shall not vacate his seat until the expiration of a period of thirty days thereafter…

 

Section 39, subsection (3) states:

Whenever the office of Speaker is vacant or the Speaker is for any reason unable to perform any function conferred upon him by subsection (1) or (2) of this section or by section 37 or 38 of this Constitution, that function may be performed by the Deputy Speaker.

 

Section 53, subsection (4) states:

The Chairman or the judicial member of a Constituency Boundaries Commission shall vacate his office—…

  • (c) if the Governor, acting in his discretion, directs that he shall be removed from office for inability to discharge the functions thereof (whether arising from infirmity of body or mind or any other cause) or for misbehaviour.


Section 55, subsection (2) states:

No person shall be qualified to be registered as aforesaid who, on the qualifying date…

  • (b) is a person certified to be insane or otherwise adjudged to be of unsound mind under any law in force in Bermuda…

 

Section 57 states:

(2) The Cabinet shall be collectively responsible to the Legislature for any advice given to the Governor by or under the general authority of the Cabinet and for all things done by or under the authority of any Minister in the execution of his office.

(3) The provisions of subsection (2) of this section shall not apply in relation to—(a) the appointment and removal from office of Ministers and Junior Ministers, the charging of a Minister under section 61 of this Constitution with responsibility for the conduct of any business of the Government, or the authorisation of another Minister to perform the functions of the Premier during absence or illness…

 

Section 60 states:

(1) Whenever the Premier is absent from Bermuda or is unable by reason of illness to perform the functions conferred upon him by this Constitution, the Governor may, by directions in writing, authorise any other Minister who was appointed from among the members of the House of Assembly to perform those functions (other than the functions conferred on the Premier by subsection (2) of this section) and that Minister may perform those functions until his authority is revoked by the Governor.

(2) The powers conferred upon the Governor by this section shall be exercised by him in accordance with the advice of the Premier: Provided that if the Governor considers that it is impracticable to obtain the Premier’s advice owing to his absence or illness the Governor may exercise those powers in his discretion.

 

Section 60A, subsection (1) states:

Whenever a Minister other than the Premier is unable, by reason of illness or absence from Bermuda or absence from his duties on leave, to perform the functions of his office, the Governor may, in writing— appoint a person who is a member of the same House as that Minister to be a temporary Minister; or assign responsibility for the performance of the functions of that Minister to another Minister (including the Premier), and may specify the period for which such person shall be a temporary Minister or for which such other Minister shall perform the functions of that Minister…

 

Section 74, subsection (2) states:

A judge of the Supreme Court may be removed from office only for inability to discharge the functions of his office (whether arising from infirmity of body or mind or any other cause) or for misbehaviour, and shall not be so removed except in accordance with the provisions of subsection (3) of this section.

 

Section 75 states:

(1) If the office of Chief Justice is vacant, or if the holder thereof is for any reason unable to perform the functions of his office, then, until some other person has been appointed to, and has assumed the functions of, that office, or until the holder of that office has resumed those functions, as the case may be, such one of the Puisne Judges or such other person qualified for appointment as a judge of the Supreme Court as the Governor may, after consultation with the Premier, appoint for that purpose shall act in the office of Chief Justice.

(2) If the office of a Puisne Judge is vacant, or if any such judge is acting as Chief Justice, or is for any reason unable to perform the functions of his office the Governor, acting after consultation with the Chief Justice, may appoint a person, possessing such legal qualifications and experience as he may deem appropriate, to act as a Puisne Judge.

 

Section 78, subsection (2) states:

A judge of the Court of Appeal may be removed from office only for inability to discharge the functions of his office (whether arising from infirmity of body or mind or any other cause) or for misbehaviour, and shall not be so removed except in accordance with the provisions of subsection (3) of this section.

 

Section 79 states:

(1) If the office of the President of the Court of Appeal is vacant, or if the holder thereof is for any reason unable to perform the functions of his office, then, until some other person has been appointed to, and has assumed the functions of, that office, or until the holder thereof has assumed those functions, as the case may be, such one of the Justices of Appeal or such other person qualified for appointment as a judge of the Court of Appeal as the Governor, acting in his discretion, may appoint for that purpose shall act in the office of President. If the office of a Justice of Appeal is vacant, or if any Justice of Appeal is acting as the President, or is for any reason unable to perform the functions of his office the Governor, acting in his discretion, may appoint a person possessing such legal qualifications and experience as he, after consultation with the President, may deem appropriate to act as a Justice of Appeal…

 

Section 81 states:

(6) A member of the Public Service Commission shall be removed from office by the Governor if the Governor, acting in his discretion, is satisfied that he ought to be removed from office for inability to discharge the functions thereof (whether arising from infirmity of body or mind or any other cause) or for misbehaviour…

(8) Whenever the office of the Chairman of the Public Service Commission is vacant or the holder thereof is for any reason unable to perform the functions of his office, such one of the other members of the Public Service Commission as the Governor, acting after consultation with the Premier, may appoint shall act in the office of the Chairman.

(9) If the office of a member of the Public Service Commission other than the Chairman is vacant or the holder thereof is acting as the Chairman or is for any reason unable to perform the functions of his office, the Governor, acting after consultation with the Premier, may appoint a person who is qualified for appointment as a member of the Commission to act as a member of the Commission; and any person so appointed shall, subject to the provisions of subsection (5) of this section, continue so to act until he is notified by the Governor, acting in his discretion, that the circumstances giving rise to the appointment have ceased to exist.

 

Section 86 states:

(3) The Attorney-General may be removed from office only for inability to discharge the functions thereof (whether arising from infirmity of body or mind or any other cause) or for misbehaviour, and shall not be so removed except in accordance with the provisions of subsection (4) of this section.

(4) The Attorney-General shall be removed from office by the Governor if the question of his removal from office has been referred to a tribunal appointed under subsection (5) of this section and the tribunal has advised the Governor that he ought to be removed from office for inability as aforesaid or for misbehaviour…

 

Section 88 states:

(3) The Auditor General may be removed from office only for inability to discharge the functions of his office (whether arising from inability of body or mind or any other cause) or for misbehaviour, and shall not be so removed except in accordance with the provisions of subsection (4) of this section.

(4) The Auditor General shall be removed from office by the Governor if the Governor, acting in his discretion, is satisfied that he ought to be removed from office for inability as aforesaid or for misbehaviour…

 

Section 93A, subsection (4) states:

The office of the Ombudsman shall become vacant:…(d) if the Governor, acting in his discretion, directs that he shall be removed from office for inability to discharge the functions of his office (whether arising from infirmity of body or mind or any other cause) or for misbehaviour, or for contravention of subsection (5) of this section.

 

Section 104 states:

(3) In this Constitution, unless it is otherwise provided or required by the context, any reference to power to make appointments to any public office shall be construed as including reference to power to make appointments on promotion and transfer to that office and the power to appoint a person to act in that office during any period when it is vacant or the holder thereof is unable (whether by reason of absence or infirmity of body or mind or any other cause) to perform the functions of that office.

(4) Where by this Constitution any person is directed, or power is conferred on any person or authority to appoint a person, to act in an office if the holder thereof is unable to perform the functions of that office, the validity of any performance of those functions by the person so directed or of any appointment made in exercise of that power shall not be called in question in any court on the ground that the holder of the office is not unable to perform the functions of the office…

 

Excerpts from the Bermuda Constitution Order (1968, last amended 2010)

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Section 18, subsection (2) states:

If the office of Deputy Governor is vacant or the person holding that office is acting in the office of Governor under section 19 of this Constitution or is for any other reason unable to perform the functions of the office of Deputy Governor, then the Governor, acting in his discretion, may appoint a person to act as Deputy Governor and any such person shall continue to act until his appointment is revoked by the Governor, acting in his discretion.

 

Section 19, subsection (1) states:

During any period when the office of Governor is vacant or the Governor is absent from Bermuda or is for any other reason unable to perform the functions of his office—

  • (a) the Deputy Governor; or
  • (b) if the office of Deputy Governor is vacant or the Deputy Governor is absent from Bermuda or is for any other reason unable to perform the functions of the office of Governor, such person as Her Majesty may designate in that behalf by instructions given through a Secretary of State (in this section referred to as “the person designated”), shall, during Her Majesty’s pleasure, act in the office of Governor and shall perform the functions of that office accordingly.

 

Section 30, subsection (1) states:

No person shall be qualified to be appointed as a Senator or elected as a member of the House of Assembly who…(c) is a person certified to be insane or otherwise adjudged to be of unsound mind under any law in force in Bermuda.

 

Section 31, subsection (2) states:

If circumstances such as are referred to in subsection (1)(e) of this section arise because any member of either House is under sentence of death or imprisonment, declared bankrupt, adjudged to be of unsound mind or convicted of an offence relating to elections and it is open to the member to appeal against the decision (either with the leave of a court or other authority or without such leave), he shall forthwith cease to perform his functions as a member of that House but, subject to subsection (3) of this section, he shall not vacate his seat until the expiration of a period of thirty days thereafter…

 

Section 39, subsection (3) states:

Whenever the office of Speaker is vacant or the Speaker is for any reason unable to perform any function conferred upon him by subsection (1) or (2) of this section or by section 37 or 38 of this Constitution, that function may be performed by the Deputy Speaker.

 

Section 53, subsection (4) states:

The Chairman or the judicial member of a Constituency Boundaries Commission shall vacate his office—…(c) if the Governor, acting in his discretion, directs that he shall be removed from office for inability to discharge the functions thereof (whether arising from infirmity of body or mind or any other cause) or for misbehaviour.


Section 55, subsection (2) states:

No person shall be qualified to be registered as aforesaid who, on the qualifying date…

  • (b) is a person certified to be insane or otherwise adjudged to be of unsound mind under any law in force in Bermuda…

 

Section 57 states:

(2) The Cabinet shall be collectively responsible to the Legislature for any advice given to the Governor by or under the general authority of the Cabinet and for all things done by or under the authority of any Minister in the execution of his office.

(3) The provisions of subsection (2) of this section shall not apply in relation to—

  • (a) the appointment and removal from office of Ministers and Junior Ministers, the charging of a Minister under section 61 of this Constitution with responsibility for the conduct of any business of the Government, or the authorisation of another Minister to perform the functions of the Premier during absence or illness…

 

Section 60 states:

(1) Whenever the Premier is absent from Bermuda or is unable by reason of illness to perform the functions conferred upon him by this Constitution, the Governor may, by directions in writing, authorise any other Minister who was appointed from among the members of the House of Assembly to perform those functions (other than the functions conferred on the Premier by subsection (2) of this section) and that Minister may perform those functions until his authority is revoked by the Governor.

(2) The powers conferred upon the Governor by this section shall be exercised by him in accordance with the advice of the Premier: Provided that if the Governor considers that it is impracticable to obtain the Premier’s advice owing to his absence or illness the Governor may exercise those powers in his discretion.

 

Section 60A, subsection (1) states:

Whenever a Minister other than the Premier is unable, by reason of illness or absence from Bermuda or absence from his duties on leave, to perform the functions of his office, the Governor may, in writing— appoint a person who is a member of the same House as that Minister to be a temporary Minister; or assign responsibility for the performance of the functions of that Minister to another Minister (including the Premier), and may specify the period for which such person shall be a temporary Minister or for which such other Minister shall perform the functions of that Minister…

 

Section 74, subsection (2) states:

A judge of the Supreme Court may be removed from office only for inability to discharge the functions of his office (whether arising from infirmity of body or mind or any other cause) or for misbehaviour, and shall not be so removed except in accordance with the provisions of subsection (3) of this section.

 

Section 75 states:

(1) If the office of Chief Justice is vacant, or if the holder thereof is for any reason unable to perform the functions of his office, then, until some other person has been appointed to, and has assumed the functions of, that office, or until the holder of that office has resumed those functions, as the case may be, such one of the Puisne Judges or such other person qualified for appointment as a judge of the Supreme Court as the Governor may, after consultation with the Premier, appoint for that purpose shall act in the office of Chief Justice.

(2) If the office of a Puisne Judge is vacant, or if any such judge is acting as Chief Justice, or is for any reason unable to perform the functions of his office the Governor, acting after consultation with the Chief Justice, may appoint a person, possessing such legal qualifications and experience as he may deem appropriate, to act as a Puisne Judge.

 

Section 78, subsection (2) states:

A judge of the Court of Appeal may be removed from office only for inability to discharge the functions of his office (whether arising from infirmity of body or mind or any other cause) or for misbehaviour, and shall not be so removed except in accordance with the provisions of subsection (3) of this section.

 

Section 79 states:

(1) If the office of the President of the Court of Appeal is vacant, or if the holder thereof is for any reason unable to perform the functions of his office, then, until some other person has been appointed to, and has assumed the functions of, that office, or until the holder thereof has assumed those functions, as the case may be, such one of the Justices of Appeal or such other person qualified for appointment as a judge of the Court of Appeal as the Governor, acting in his discretion, may appoint for that purpose shall act in the office of President. If the office of a Justice of Appeal is vacant, or if any Justice of Appeal is acting as the President, or is for any reason unable to perform the functions of his office the Governor, acting in his discretion, may appoint a person possessing such legal qualifications and experience as he, after consultation with the President, may deem appropriate to act as a Justice of Appeal…

 

Section 81 states:

(6) A member of the Public Service Commission shall be removed from office by the Governor if the Governor, acting in his discretion, is satisfied that he ought to be removed from office for inability to discharge the functions thereof (whether arising from infirmity of body or mind or any other cause) or for misbehaviour…

(8) Whenever the office of the Chairman of the Public Service Commission is vacant or the holder thereof is for any reason unable to perform the functions of his office, such one of the other members of the Public Service Commission as the Governor, acting after consultation with the Premier, may appoint shall act in the office of the Chairman.

(9) If the office of a member of the Public Service Commission other than the Chairman is vacant or the holder thereof is acting as the Chairman or is for any reason unable to perform the functions of his office, the Governor, acting after consultation with the Premier, may appoint a person who is qualified for appointment as a member of the Commission to act as a member of the Commission; and any person so appointed shall, subject to the provisions of subsection (5) of this section, continue so to act until he is notified by the Governor, acting in his discretion, that the circumstances giving rise to the appointment have ceased to exist.

 

Section 86 states:

(3) The Attorney-General may be removed from office only for inability to discharge the functions thereof (whether arising from infirmity of body or mind or any other cause) or for misbehaviour, and shall not be so removed except in accordance with the provisions of subsection (4) of this section.

(4) The Attorney-General shall be removed from office by the Governor if the question of his removal from office has been referred to a tribunal appointed under subsection (5) of this section and the tribunal has advised the Governor that he ought to be removed from office for inability as aforesaid or for misbehaviour…

 

Section 88 states:

(3) The Auditor General may be removed from office only for inability to discharge the functions of his office (whether arising from inability of body or mind or any other cause) or for misbehaviour, and shall not be so removed except in accordance with the provisions of subsection (4) of this section.

(4) The Auditor General shall be removed from office by the Governor if the Governor, acting in his discretion, is satisfied that he ought to be removed from office for inability as aforesaid or for misbehaviour…

 

Section 93A, subsection (4) states:

The office of the Ombudsman shall become vacant:…

  • (d) if the Governor, acting in his discretion, directs that he shall be removed from office for inability to discharge the functions of his office (whether arising from infirmity of body or mind or any other cause) or for misbehaviour, or for contravention of subsection (5) of this section.

 

Section 104 states:

(3) In this Constitution, unless it is otherwise provided or required by the context, any reference to power to make appointments to any public office shall be construed as including reference to power to make appointments on promotion and transfer to that office and the power to appoint a person to act in that office during any period when it is vacant or the holder thereof is unable (whether by reason of absence or infirmity of body or mind or any other cause) to perform the functions of that office.

(4) Where by this Constitution any person is directed, or power is conferred on any person or authority to appoint a person, to act in an office if the holder thereof is unable to perform the functions of that office, the validity of any performance of those functions by the person so directed or of any appointment made in exercise of that power shall not be called in question in any court on the ground that the holder of the office is not unable to perform the functions of the office…

 

Excerpts from the Bermuda Constitution Order (1968, last amended 2010)